PCR Awardee Questionnaire: The Kaid-Sanders Award (2022)

PCR Awardee Questionnaire: The Kaid-Sanders Best Political Communication Article of the Year Award (2022)

 

le-ri: Esther Thorson, Eunji Kim, Jin Woo Kim

 

Name(s) & affiliation:
  • Jin Woo Kim, Assistant Professor, School of Communication, Kookmin University
  • Eunji Kim, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Columbia University

 

Project title:
  • Temporal dynamics of selective exposure

 

Publication reference, link (APA 7th):

 

Tell us something about you/your team and how and why you decided to focus on this research
  • We started this project when we were Ph.D. students at Penn. We noticed a tension in the literature: although echo chambers were blamed for exacerbating political polarization in the US, empirical evidence of selective exposure was mixed at best. Why are people’s beliefs and attitudes so polarized if most people have relatively balanced media diets? Our answer was that previous conceptualizations of selective exposure ignored one important aspect of political news consumption: temporal dynamics. We hypothesized that people can choose when to engage with politics to avoid encountering uncongenial news, and that can increase polarization.

 

In 280 characters or less, summarize the main takeaway of your project.
  • Since people pay more attention when their preferred party is performing well, and less attention when the party is doing poorly, people may receive biased information flows even if they follow central or balanced sources.

 

What made this project a “polcomm project”?
  • Selective exposure is perhaps one of the most widely studied topics in the political communication literature, dating all the way back to classical work from the Columbia School. We added a little twist to this classic concept by focusing on temporal dynamics.

 

What, if anything, would you do differently, if you were to start this project again? (What was the most challenging part of this project? …& how did you overcome those challenges?)
  • We thought our intuition was right from the beginning, but we had a hard time finding the right empirical strategy to test our hypothesis. Then Matt Levendusky suggested that we use the 2008 Annenberg survey data to examine how partisans’ news consumption behaviors changed before and after the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008. So the data was already there. It just took some time (and a great mentor) for us to realize that.

 

What other research do you currently see being done in this field and what would you like to see more of in the future?
  • There has been a growing interest in temporal dynamics in political communication processes. This includes studies that focus on overtime fluctuations in political discourse, news consumption, and opinion formation, among others. We believe this is a step in the right direction, as focusing on temporal dynamics can provide advantages in causal inference and can also lead to interesting theoretical insights.

 

What’s next? (Follow-up projects? Completely new direction?)
  • We started this project thinking temporal selective exposure may be one of the causes of political polarization. Our previous paper demonstrated that people indeed engage in temporal selective exposure, but it did not provide evidence of its role in amplifying political polarization. To address this gap, we are planning to conduct experiments to test the effect of temporal selective exposure on polarization.

 


 

2016 ICA Political Communication Best Student Paper Award

Name (affiliation): Carina Weinmann (University of Mannheim)

Paper title: Measuring Political Thinking: Development and Validation of a Scale for “Deliberation Within”

Co-authors (if any): –

Publication reference (if any; APA 6th): –

Q: What should people remember from your paper? (Please give the one main finding and/or take-home message of your research.)

A: In my paper, I developed and validated a psychometric scale to measure internal deliberative thought processes (i.e., “deliberation within”, Goodin, 2000). In the beginning, this project was rather based on egoistic motives as I needed this measurement for my dissertation. However, since I had the chance to present it to a broader audience, I hope that many scholars might find it useful for their own work in related areas.

Q: Was your paper part of a coherent session? Did the papers talk to each other? In which ways? What were the concerns shared by the papers?

A: My paper was part of a session on theoretical and methodological issues in research on political discussion and deliberation. Apart from the subject – interpersonal political discussion – the papers were rather different in their approaches and concerns. However, since there were many researchers sharing similar concerns in the audience, the presentations were followed by a lot of interesting comments and questions on all of them, which I think all of the presenters benefited from.

Q: Did you see fascinating/innovative/inspiring presentations at this year’s conference? What about them struck you as outstanding? (Please give your general impression and perhaps focus on one specific paper that stood out for you.)

A: What I like most about the ICA annual conference is that you learn about issues and perspectives which you usually not get in contact with when working on your own projects. Like in the years before, I was fascinated by the diversity and innovative strength of our field, and I enjoyed talking to scholars from many different areas. However, the session which impressed me most this year was not a paper session but the Blue Sky Workshop “Tips, Tricks and Hacks for Careers Inside Academia” organized by the Student and Early Career Advisory Committee (SECAC). In this workshop, two Associate Professors – Anne Kaun from Södertörn University (Sweden) and Nicholas Bowman from West Virginia University (USA) – as well as former ICA president Cynthia Stohl shared their personal career experiences with us. All of them spoke very openly about their past, including the setbacks and failures in their careers and personal lives. Besides, they spent a lot of time to answer all of our questions as young scholars, even after the workshop was finished. I found this workshop to be incredibly helpful for my own career planning and hope that the SECAC will organize a similar one in the next years.

Q: I will always remember the conference in Fukuoka because…

A: … it was a first time conference for me in at least two ways: Apart from Istanbul, I have never been to Asia before, and it was a truly impressing experience for me to get to know a culture which is so very different from the European one. Secondly, with this paper I had my first single author presentation in Fukuoka. As you can imagine I was incredibly excited and nervous at the same time. However, having received the Best Student Paper Award for this paper gave me a lot of confidence. Therefore, I would like to thank you again for this recognition and honor.

Goodin, R. E. (2000). Democratic deliberation within. Philosophy & Public Affairs, 29(1), 81–109. doi:10.1111/j.1088-4963.2000.00081.x  

2016 ICA Political Communication Best Faculty Paper Award

Name (affiliation): Lukas Otto (University of Koblenz-Landau)

Paper title: Beyond Simple Valence: Discrete Emotions as Mediators of Political Communication Effects on Trust in Politicians

Co-authors (if any): –

Publication reference (if any; APA 6th): –

Q: What should people remember from your paper? (Please give the one main finding and/or take-home message of your research.)

A: Emotions are important for the judgment of trust in political communication contexts, however not every emotion is equally important. Control appraisals of emotions are crucial to decide which emotional response to political communication shapes a subsequent trust judgment. As a consequence emotions like anger or pride can be mediators of media effects on trust in politicians while fear or sadness not attributed to the politician but to the situation.

Q: Was your paper part of a coherent session? Did the papers talk to each other? In which ways? What were the concerns shared by the papers?

A: The session was entitled “Politicians in the news” and some of the papers talked to each other in the way that they investigated judgments of politicians from very different perspectives, for example politicians as satirical targets in television or trait inferences about politicians. These papers did not only share the topic but also attempted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of judgments on political leaders, which was very inspiring.

Q: Did you see fascinating/innovative/inspiring presentations at this year’s conference? What about them struck you as outstanding? (Please give your general impression and perhaps focus on one specific paper that stood out for you.)

A: The overall impression of this year’s conference is really good. I saw a huge amount of good work. In general I would say that the sessions of the Political Communication division getting more diverse and more sophisticated in terms of methodological approaches. Thus, if I have to mention one single paper I would go with the simulation study by Scharkow and Bachl on the effects of reliability in content analyses and surveys on the measurement of media effects. A very important study with an innovative method and a clear message: Make sure to use reliable measures in content analyzes as well as in surveys or it will be likely that you underestimate media effects.

Q: I will always remember the conference in Fukuoka because…

A: Japan was such a different experience from conferences in and travelling to Europe or the US. Coming to Japan for the first time, I will remember the kindness of Japanese people, the interesting cultural differences and – of course – the tasty Japanese food in Fukuoka!

2016 APSA Timothy Cook Best Graduate Student Paper Award

Name (affiliation): Nicolas M. Anspach (York College of Pennsylvania)

Paper title: The Inadvertent Audience: How Online Peer Influence Mitigates Selective Exposure

Co-authors (if any): –

Publication reference (if any; APA 6th): Under review 

Q: What should people remember from your paper? (Please give the one main finding and/or take-home message of your research.)

A: I find that online endorsements and discussions serve as heuristics when deciding which content to consume, outweighing partisan selectivity. This effect is only significant when the activity comes from friends or family members; social influence attributed to fictional individuals does not serve as a heuristic. My hope is that this finding will bridge the gap between the theoretical expectations of behaviors associated with social media and the null results usually reported in social media studies that use fictional or unfamiliar users to post political content.

Q: Back when you presented your award-winning paper, was it part of a coherent session? Did the papers talk to each other? In which ways? What were the concerns shared by the papers?

A: Many of the papers presented at our session investigated the intersection of politics and social media – whether it was polarization, learning, or selectivity. Much of the discussion centered on the difficulty of collecting quality data from social media without access to the back end of Facebook. Lab experiments give us some insight, but how well they can generalize to the real world is still a question for debate.

Q: Did you see fascinating/innovative/inspiring presentations at this year’s conference in Philadelphia? What about them struck you as outstanding? (Please give your general impression and perhaps focus on one specific paper that stood out for you.)

A: –

Q: I will always remember the conference in Philadelphia because…

A: I attended grad school in Philadelphia, so it was nice to finally show off our city to my colleagues from out of town.

2016 APSA Paul Lazarsfeld Best Paper Award

Name (affiliation):  Yanna Krupnikov (Stony Brook University)  

Paper title:  Citizen Engagement (and Disengagement) in Response to Social Ills

Co-authors (if any): Adam Levine (Cornell University)

Publication reference (if any; APA 6th):  Under review

Q: What should people remember from your paper? (Please give the one main finding and/or take-home message of your research.)

A:  At any given point in time people can focus their efforts and attention on a variety of different political problems and issues. The type of information people receive – and the way that information is presented – can play a key role in determining the way people focus their attention and eventually take political action.

Q: Back when you presented your award-winning paper, was it part of a coherent session? Did the papers talk to each other? In which ways? What were the concerns shared by the papers?

A: If I recall correctly, the paper was part of a session on conditions under which political information stands to have the greatest effect on people.

Q: Did you see fascinating/innovative/inspiring presentations at this year’s conference in Philadelphia? What about them struck you as outstanding? (Please give your general impression and perhaps focus on one specific paper that stood out for you.)

A:  There were a number of papers and panels that focused on the way political rhetoric shapes action that were conducting research using innovative and creative experimental approaches.

Q: I will always remember the conference in Philadelphia because…

A:  The conference had many excellent panels.